Wednesday, January 22, 2020
My Dad and Old Cars Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing
My Dad and Old Cars Some people bring home stray dogs. My father brings home stray cars. He gets emotionally attached and eventually puts them on life support. This keeps them viable long beyond the time other family members vote to pull the plug. He drives a 1968 VW van that chugs along on its third rebuilt engine. My big brother vows to bury dad in it. The 1971 VW Bug that he used for fifteen years is still operable, but since a teenager's foot went through the rusted floorboards to the street below, it's been relegated to the retirement home: his driveway. He continues paying on the life insurance policy but he has signed a "Do Not Resuscitate" waiver. My father went off to college in a 1931 Model A Ford. In the back seat of that car, on an old country road, I made love for the first time. Now it sits under a blue parachute in the driveway. Mice breed in the upholstery and the ceiling fabric hangs in shreds, but my father is convinced the car will awaken from its coma and live to cruise again. A 1960 Plymouth Valiant that drove like a tank and sounded like a B-52 suffered sudden paralysis one car-pooling morning when both front wheels turned at right angles to the frame of the car, bringing it to a sudden and permanent halt. Unwilling to assign the car to a nameless grave in Potter's Field, my father paid to have it hauled to a vocational school. Prince Valiant became a vehicular cadaver; the old thing may even have become an organ donor. We don't buy new cars. According to my dad, "You never know what might go wrong with a new car, and you could get a lemon." I say, "But we know even less about a used car. People don't sell their cars when everything's fine. They sell them when things start going wrong." ... ...car key. My dad, the guy with the soft spot for homeless old cars in need of a square meal and a soft bed, had made good on a long-standing promise of "a decent car." It took him six months of scouring the ads, but he'd bought me a car that's only five years old. It's an Acura Legend and appears to be in excellent health. The leather seats are as comfortable as the Peugeot's, no gremlins live in the CD player, and the AC and heating systems have no viruses. The sunroof is dry as a bone, and the car starts whenever I turn the key. Overall, I'd say the car has a superb attitude. That first morning of new ownership, I stood staring in awe at this white beauty. Then the rest of my life spread before me as my father said, "And we can give it to Bria when she starts driving. It should have all the bugs worked out of it by then." Bria is my five-year-old niece.
Monday, January 13, 2020
Abuse and Proper Discipline
I have experienced many things in my life. All of my life experiences have affected me in different ways. Some experiences were good and some were not. The physical abuse I experienced by my father was the most impact experience. A parent is supposed to create a safe, stable, and loving home. Instead my father created a home of fear, instability, and inconsistency. This affected my behavior in school, and how I react to things later in life. I was born in Florida.At the age of two my father moved me and my three brothers to New York. At this time my mother was not in the picture for unknown reasons. My father was avid alcoholic, and drank a lot. During his drunken rages he would abuse me and my three brothers. My father moved us around a lot, and we never really stayed In one place for very long. I was never quite sure why this was, but I would guess that maybe someone or somebody became suspicious of what was taking place In our home. This resulted In us taking off before anyone cou ld find out for sure.My father started beating us while he was drunk, but then eventually started abusing us while he was sober. It became a regular thing for us and almost expected. He would start to hit us based on his moods. If he had a bad day at work, or had a fight with one of his girlfriends. He would choke us, punch us, throw us, and has even gone as far as burn my brother's arm on the stove. There were times that we did not eat for days. It was not because we did not have any food, but because he wanted to punish us. He also kicked us out of the house, and made us sleep outside. Even In the winter.I was terrified of my father. Instead of Henning 2 growing up feeling love and trust. I grew up feeling fear and pain. I would often watch sitcoms on TV, and wish that I could just jump into the screen. Daydreaming of a better life was something I did often. I wanted to leave, but this was all I knew. This was my life and nothing was going to change it. My father did not only abus e me when I did wrong, but instead he would abuse me when he was in a foul mood. The abuse was inconsistent, and because of this my behavior was impacted. In school I would lash out at teachers, and was defiant.My father was not concerned with proper discipline or punishment. I was more of a punching bag for his anger. Therefore I did not understand how to act or behave properly. I was uncontrollable in school. I would Jump on desks, and crawl underneath tables In the lunch room. I even threw chairs at the teacher when I did not want to do something she asked. I was violent with my classmates, and disruptive. The bus ride to school was also a problem. I would Jeopardize the safety of the other children by jumping over the seats, and disrupting the bus driver.It got would get letters and phone calls from the school, he did not seem to care. My father was more worried about what was going on in his world to care what was happening at my school. After a while the school decided I neede d to be enrolled in a special school that was more equipped to handle my behavior issues. No one in the school system even thought twice about the discipline at home. If they had investigated our home they would have found out my father never disciplined us, but abused us instead.To this day I feel that proper discipline is needed for a child to grow up and become successful in life. The abuse started to get worse as we got older. He became a lot more aggressive. He even ended up sending me to the hospital for bashing my head on the bathroom floor. The reason for the more intense abuse was because of the increase in size of my older brother. My brother was getting older, and was able to fight back. Unfortunately my dad was still Henning 3 a lot bigger than my brother. My dad would often punch holes in the walls when he was mad.One day I was picking at one of the holes in the wall that my father punched in. He walked by and saw me doing this. Out of nowhere he punched me right in the eye, and I went to school the next day with a black eye. This started causing a scene with my teachers and nurses. I went to school plenty of times with black eyes, and bruises. I could not understand why this one was any different. The ruse must have gotten sick and tired of seeing it, and finally acted. This caused an investigation, and at the age of eight years old I was removed from the hell that I called home.When I was being removed from my home I remember seeing my neighbor with an unsurprised look on her face. This made me wonder if she had suspected the abuse all along. It also made me wonder how many others knew or suspected what was taken place in my home. After being removed from the house I called home. I was placed with a foster family. The first few months were great. I was not scared and looking over my shoulder anymore. I was happy and felt love for the first time. My foster mom made pancakes and sausages for breakfast in the mornings.I have never had anyone make b reakfast for me before, and it was like heaven. I had warm bed to sleep in, and I even had a TV in my room. It might have seemed that my story was over. However the effects of the abuse were still there, and my behaviors still caused many problems. Throughout my life I had to go through therapy to undo the damage my father caused. I had to relearn how to act and behave properly. Today I am a pretty optimistic person, and I do not like to use my past as a crutch. However I will not deny hat there are some lasting effects that the abuse still holds.Therapy was very successful for me. It help me deal with what happened, and encouraged me to move on with my life. However therapy cannot remove the memories and the experience. I will forever remember the abuse I endured. Henning 4 The abuse from my father affected me in many ways. I had to struggle, and was not able to have a normal childhood. I grew up in a home full of fear, and lacked the to relearn how to behave properly. I do not reg ret what happened in the past, for my past is part of who I am. What I have been through and what I endured has only made me stronger.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
Literary Elements Of The Raven - 1216 Words
The Modern Dark Raven Literary Elements and Modernization used in, ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠, is one of the most well known pieces of poetry created by Edgar Allen Poe. It was considered to be a terrifying tale back in the day when it was written (1845) but now is not really considered to be scary. Although it does not scare people as it used to The Raven is one of Edgar Allen Poeââ¬â¢s best work of literature. It even has been incorporated in modern day tv shows as well as has its own movie adaptation. He is well known for his dark mind and complex diction that he uses to create creepy pieces of writing that any reader can connect too. Through the eyes of Poe speaker there is a vast amount of symbolism and dark imagery used to expressed within his poem,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Words like, ââ¬Å"Tisâ⬠are not relevant today and the sentence structure can is that of old english from the 1800ââ¬â¢s which present throughout the poem. While this could make it hard for a reader to understand, i t could quite possibly make the reader go back in the text and try to understand it having a better idea on what the poem is actually about. Poeââ¬â¢s use of symbolism is an extremely important part in The Raven. The two most iconic symbols in this poem were the actual raven itself and ââ¬Å"The Lost Lenoreâ⬠. The raven symbolizes a bitter reminder of Lenore. It is very clear in the poem that he misses and grieves the loss of Lenore. In the second stanza of ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠the narrator describes his sorrow for Lenore. ââ¬Å"Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor Eagerly I wished the morrow;---vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow---sorrow for the lost Lenore--- For the rare radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore--- Nameless here for evermore.â⬠(Poe Lines 7-11). To me these are some of the most symbolic lines of the narrator describing Lenore as well as the setting. Clearly Lenore is dead as deciphered from the line that says ââ¬Å"â⬠¦whom the angels name Lenoreâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ (Poe Line 11) So from then we know that Lenore is gone, further extending a feeling ofShow MoreRelatedLiterary Elements of The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe1247 Words à |à 5 Pagesconsidered bizarre as the writer himself, but in fact they are profoundly artistically developed. His literary creations are perfect examples of Romantic and Gothic literature. In them he explores the world of the human mind, including the imagination and dreams. He wants the reader to be able to fully envision the scene as if he was there in the story. A good example of this can be found in his poem ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠, which was first published in 1845. Poe wrote it when he was going through some difficult timesRead MoreThe Raven By Edgar Allen Poe1233 Words à |à 5 Pageshuge cog in today s literary world. Poetry is used to express any feeling the poet could possibly think to portray. Language is huge in poetry and without proper use of it a poem may not be as strong as others. Poetry is a form of art, and a poet uses language as a painter would use color to portray their art. Edgar Allen Poe is one of the greatest poets in history because his mastery of literary elements such as allusion, allegory, symbolism, and figurative language. ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠by Edgar Allen PoeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Raven By Edgar Allen Poe1376 Words à |à 6 Pagesessential in today s literary world. Poetry is used to express any feeling the poet could possibly think to portray. Language is huge in poetry and without proper use of it a poem may not be as strong as others. Poetry is a form of art, and a poet uses language as a painter would use color to portray their art. Edgar Allen Poe is one of the greatest poets in history because his mastery of literary elements such as allusion, allegory, symbolism, and figurative language. ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠by Edgar Allen PoeRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Raven788 Words à |à 4 Pagesof all time. Twelve of Poeââ¬â¢s works are known for their literary construction. The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most famous poems in history and was first published in 1845. This is a poem that many readers may describe as dark, twisted, and even scary can be oddly moving and eye catching. What were the meanings in his masterpiece, and what did Poe want his readers to understand? Poeââ¬â¢s literary work The Raven shows literary elements of symbolism, theme, and imagery. First and foremost,Read MoreImagery In The Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe807 Words à |à 4 Pagesdrew in readers and builds suspense by his way of using imagery, dramatic irony, and tone. A literary element that is shown in many of Poeââ¬â¢s writings is his use of massive of amounts of imagery that cause the reader to illustrate the setting in which the scene is taking place. An example of his use of imagery is, in stanza eight of ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠he described the raven by saying ââ¬Å"Ghastly grim and ancient Raven wandering from the Nightly shoreâ⬠. This helped create an image in the readers mind about thisRead MoreThe Raven By Edgar Allen Poe1049 Words à |à 5 Pagesentertained readers for many years. Edgar Allen Poe, a poet from the 1900ââ¬â¢s, is known for his deep dark poems. He wrote many poems that are now considered classics. One of his greatest works, ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠, was written in 1845; just two years before his wife Virginia Clemm died of Tuberculosis. The entirety of ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠is confined in a man s chamber. It is a December winter and it is midnight. The narrator, the person who resides in the chamber, is read ing a book: glooming over the recent death of his wifeRead MoreRobert Burns and William Shakespeare648 Words à |à 3 Pagessunâ⬠by William Shakespeare, and ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠by Edgar Allen Poe are similar poems. The biographical information for each author, the conflicts in the poems and the literary devices contribute to the central theme, love. The authors of the poems have diverse backgrounds. Robert Burns, author of ââ¬Å"Oh, my love is like a red, red rose,â⬠was born on January 25, 1759, in Alloway, Ayrshire, Scotland (ââ¬Å"Robert Burnsâ⬠544). In his poetry, Burns ââ¬Å"â⬠¦relied heavily upon literary forms and legends peculiar to theRead MoreThe Raven And American Romanticism Essay1292 Words à |à 6 PagesKaylee Parker Kevin Stagg American Literature September 15, 2016 The Raven and American Romanticism The anonymous storyteller is busy reading a book when he hears somebody knock at his door. A faint thought comes to him that perhaps it was a guest, and he finds it better to let him in the following day because he was meditating over the demise of Lenore, his lover (Prince and Allan 4). Surprisingly, when he decides to open the door, he comes to nothing new except a sound echoing Lenore a reverberationRead MoreSymbolism Of The Raven By Edgar Allen Poe1045 Words à |à 5 Pagesnarrative itself. As a poet Edgar Allen Poe occupied his narratives with literary elements. Symbols become one of the most predominant elements in his works of literature. Consequently, in his concise poem ââ¬Å"The Raven,â⬠the literary element most noted by the reader is symbolism. Characters, places, and objects all have a deeper meaning within this poem. In ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠the most noted of the symbols are the bust, Lenore, the time, and the raven. Before discussing the topic proper, the reader must understandRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe And The Cask Of Amontillado1384 Words à |à 6 Pagesstrange individual, Poe has become a remarkable literature writer. The Raven, Annabel Lee, and The Cask of Amontillado are just a few of Poeââ¬â¢s work that staples the theme of gothic literature. This essay will allow you to see the gothic elements Edgar Allan Poe uses through his most common poems. Gothic literature has many elements which play into its definition. The actual definition is a style of writing that is characterized by elements of fear, horror, death, and gloom. (19th Century) There are three
Saturday, December 28, 2019
Surgery At Christus Spohn Hospital Essay - 869 Words
It was just 8:30 p.m. when I got ready to witness a surgery at Christus Spohn Hospital. As I scrubbed in, the obstetrician informed me about what my eyes were going to observe ââ¬â childbirth. He told me about the womanââ¬â¢s experience with labor: ââ¬Å"I am about to perform cesarean-section on her and I want you to know, that her womb may be emptyâ⬠. I was shocked to hear such words come out of Dr. Sheltonââ¬â¢s mouth. Thousands of questions immediately came to my head. Why would her womb be empty? As we walked into the operating room, healthcare professionals reminded me to stay two feet away from the patient. Nurses, doctors, and the patient herself along with her husband were present in the room. The alarming statement that Dr. Shelton uttered revolved in my head. Surgery was about to begin, so I figured there was not enough time to ask questions due to my extreme curiosity. Nurses and doctors were assisting each other during the womanââ¬â¢s surgery, using eff ective teamwork. I watched closely as Dr. Shelton pierced the skin of her lower abdomen. Shortly, the room got bloody. Midway through the operation, the two doctors looked at one another. ââ¬Å"I knew itâ⬠, Dr. Shelton whispered. Instantly, I understood what he was talking about, but the questions remained. How and why did this happen? Why would the doctors perform cesarean- section if they knew her womb might be empty? I found out after the surgical procedure that the woman had gone through a false pregnancy. I arrived at the hospitalShow MoreRelatedIs The Alimentary Canal A Long And Complex Structure?1077 Words à |à 5 Pagesthe alimentary canal is a long and complex structure. Although the basic positioning concepts are similar to those of the chest and abdomen, the organs of digestive system are difficult to visualize without the use of contrast media. While at Christus Spohn South, I have had the opportunity to view several esophagograms, however there has only been one upper GI series (UGI). Below I will explain the many aspects of this exam and how it is performed. A fluoroscopic upper GI series is generally used
Friday, December 20, 2019
Womens Right to Vote Essay - 1800 Words
Womens Right to Vote After aeons of being treated as second-class citizens, the women of Britain, around the 1860s, decided to campaign for suffrage and gain equal rights and their reasons for campaigning are explained below. Married women were always superseded by their husbands, could not own property and had few other rights. Divorce laws, too, were partial, favouring men more than women and practices like wife-battering and marital rape were still legal. After continuous campaigning, acts like the Married Womens Property Acts of 1870 and 1882, changes in divorce laws during the 1870s and 1880s and the Matrimonial Causes Act of 1884 were passed which slightly improved the situationâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦After such achievements, women often wondered why they were still ineligible to vote in national elections. The politicians, especially the Prime Minister, and later MP, Herbert Asquith were the main opponents of the women, often making unreasonable comments on female suffrage. The Labour Party (a minority in Parliament), however, did favour women and as time passed, the politicians started to see reason in the womens argument. Still, this wasnt too helpful until the coming of the war, when everyone, even if they refused to acknowledge it publicly, realised the importance of women in the country and the significance of giving them the vote. Realising this, the women used this argument to secure equal rights. Furthermore, Britain could not boast of being the Mother of Democracy while treating women as insignificant, second-class citizens. Women took advantage of this argument in an effort to gain equal rights and claimed that in the past, the country had had female rulers like Queen Victoria. The women were also influenced by Christian equality and used this in their arguments. Although the Church of England never made any official statements, certain Church heads like the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lord Bishop of Exeter and the Right Rev. Bishop of Edinburgh favoured votes for women. A Church League for Womens Suffrage was also established toShow MoreRelatedWomens Right to Vote1122 Words à |à 4 Pagesï » ¿Womens Right to Vote Cover Letter ONE: My purpose in writing this essay in one sense is a reminder to myself and to anyone reading it that among the lesser known and yet enormously impactful injustices of the U.S. is the fact that it took 144 years from the time of the Declaration of Independence to 1920 when the 19th Amendment to the Constitution was put in place. In those 144 years there were august debates about freed slaves rights to vote; and of course there was a bloody war over statesRead MoreA Womens Right to Vote Essay758 Words à |à 4 PagesWomens Right to Vote August 26, 1920 was perhaps one of the greatest victories of the century for women. Now when the polls open women and men stand next to each other and cast a vote that holds the same importance. Every person should remember the time and effort it took to get here as they approach the poll booth. There was a struggle to over come and that struggle was won. The landmark acceptance of the Nineteenth Amendment changed the way of life in American forever. We were sixteenRead MoreWomens Right to Vote Essay974 Words à |à 4 PagesWomenââ¬â¢s right to voting Right from the Preamble of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights (1948), the ââ¬Å"equal rights of women and menâ⬠are mentioned, together with the fundamental human rights, to be reaffirmed by the UNââ¬â¢s member states to form the background for the demonstration of the Declaration (Universal Declaration on Human Rights, 1948). The history of womenââ¬â¢s rights can be traced back to the Babylonian law-code (the Code of Hammurabi, ca. 1780 BC) , and then one of the first legally documentedRead MoreEssay on Womens Right to Vote875 Words à |à 4 PagesWomens suffrage refers to the right of women to participate in democratic processes through voting on the same basis as men. In the medieval and early modern periods in Europe, the right to vote was typically severely limited for all people by factors such as age, ownership of property, and gender. The development of the modern democratic state has been characterized internationally by the erosion of these various limi tations following periods of collective struggle. Womens suffrage has been achievedRead MoreWomens Right to Vote due to Their Contribution to the War Effort1543 Words à |à 7 PagesWomens Right to Vote due to Their Contribution to the War Effort In 1918 a major milestone was reached in the fight for womens equality rights, this was women being granted suffrage by the government. During the physical endurance of the four years of the war, women proving themselves equal to men, they were rewarded the vote. The Electoral Reform bill was passed which granted voting rights to all female property owners over 30. Some historians say women were neverRead MoreWomens Right to Vote Due to Their Contribution to the War Effort799 Words à |à 4 PagesWomens Right to Vote Due to Their Contribution to the War Effort In August 1914 Britaindeclared war on Germany. Both the suffragettes and suffragists suspended their campaigns. Shortly after the outbreak of World War I, the government ordered the unconditional release of all suffrage prisoners. On August 13, Emmeline Pankhurst called a temporary suspension to militancy and asked her followers to support her in the war effort. The suffragette movement was now effectivelyRead MoreWomens Failure to Gain the Right to Vote between 1900 and 19141835 Words à |à 8 PagesWomens Failure to Gain the Right to Vote between 1900 and 1914 In the years leading up to the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, womens suffrage was never far from the headlines due to the constant bombardment of publicity stunts pulled by Emmeline Pankhurst and her Suffragettes. Using all within their power to gain attention, the Suffragettes believed in using direct persuasion, and if necessary, violent protest to remain in the public eye, pulling stunts fromRead MoreEssay on The Women770 Words à |à 4 Pages The womens suffrage party fought for years on the right to vote. They werent going to stop until they got their right. For instance, Alice Paul organized a parade through Washington D.C. on inauguration day, which supported womens suffrage and also picketed the White House for 18 months. Paul was put in jail for that and started a hunger strike. Susan B Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Shanton supported the womens suffrage for fifty years later. Neither of them lived to see the 19th amendment ratifiedRead MoreThe Fight to Vote Essay1312 Words à |à 6 Pageshave the right to vote. In many states, they could only vote if their state allowed them the privilege. The dedicated men and women fought for their right to vote in the Civil Rights Movement in the early and mid 1900s. Congress passed the Fifteenth Amendment and the Voting Rights Act to give African Americans the rights to vote. It would have not occurred if the Civil Rights Movement had not taken place. The Nineteenth Amendment would not have occurred either if not for the Civil Rights Movement
Thursday, December 12, 2019
Capital budget free essay sample
Critically reflect on the importance of capital budgeting. Why is this heated subject in many boardrooms? How does capital budgeting promote the financial health of an organization? How will you use the financial techniques you have learned this week to promote the financial health of your organization? A capital budget is very important for a business. It is a heated subject because a decision about capital budgeting can help the business to determine if the proposed investments or project are worth taking or not. There are two things that a business has to take into consideration when it is making a capital budget decision. First there are financial decisions that have to be made. Second, there is an investment decision that is also made. When the business decided on the investment for a project that they will want to buy with their fund in order to help their business grow; therefore, in order for the business to invest it has to look at the available funds and bottom line of that project. We will write a custom essay sample on Capital budget or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For a budget there are costs to take into consideration in order to begin the project. The business must know how much money it has on hand or avaible so that it can invest into the project and begin working on it. Depending on the investment or project the business might have the funds needed or might have to get other help from outside sources. There are many things that go into an investment for a project. Businesses have to be committed and realize that there are a number of risks that come with any type of investment. Also, the project could cost a lot of money and it will have to deal with certain restrictions that are set with regulations. In most cases, the decision makers will be held accountable for whatever risks or returns that company might come across. As a result, those who are making the decisions would have to answer to their owners or shareholders if things do not go according to plans. It is important that the business can pay for any new project/investment that it makes. In making decisions on an investment one has to know what returns the investment could make or bring for the business. If the business was to make an investment on a project that was not right or not profitable the smart thing to do would be to not invest in the project or consider it at all. An investment that does not make any money can be wasteful for the business and make it lose a lot of money in the long run. That is why it is important for those who make the decision to evaluate all of their alternatives, risks, and returns, etc in order to decide on whether or not to reject or accept a project that it might have in mind. As a result, to promote the financial health of any organization one should know the present value of the investment and have a good ideal of how long that investment will take to mature and give back returns. In order to create a capital budget I have to consider the needs of the organization, look at the finances, goals, and position that the business is. In doing I could make a decision about the needs of that business. Second, I would have to collect, compare, analyze, and evaluate the cash and financial statements in order to compare the cost and revenue. It would give me some lead way into the position of the business when it moves forward to the future. Third, the capital budget would have to be compared to the cash flow, because it will help me to know how important it is to make the investment only if it increases the financial bottom line and increase the total financial performance of the business. I can use the estimates that I have for the capital that is needed and the financial situation of the business to compare and decided when and how the capital investment will be recovered. If it is an acceptable recovery, it is likely that the upper management will approved the capital budget. Lastly, when all things come into place I can create a budget, make sure that figures are accurate, and present it to upper management, once approved. I will make sure that the funds are available, be there to make sure that everything with the project goes according to plans. The following are capital budget techniques that a business should use when trying to evaluate, analyze, and decide on which investment to use. Net Present Value are present value of all cash flows connect to an investment Internal Rate of Return is the discounted rate that equates the present value of an investments future cash flows with the investments cost. Profitability Index Payback Period measures how many years it takes to recuperate the initial investment of a project.
Wednesday, December 4, 2019
Penal Code As It Is Mostly Focuses Behaviorââ¬Myassignmenthelp.Com
Question: Discuss About The Penal Code As It Is Mostly Focuses Behavior? Answer: Introduction The Penal Code as it is mostly focuses on the behavior of the most disadvantaged class in the social spectra. In some social stratification, crime is not so noticeable (white-collar crime). This is also known as economic crime, the society is complacent to this type of crime, the authorities attitude towards this type of crime is passive and also people are fascinated by this type of crime because it is complex. Mostly, those involved in white collar crime are well to do people with power, and that is why justice is elusive in this type of crimes (ADLER, 2016). Moral Panic Theory It can be said that there is a specifically criminological area in the criminal reality. There is also a field prior to the crime, an offender receives the criminal stigma when he violates an Act, the Criminology is ahead of the commission of the crime. Not only does it act a priori they also do it a posteriori and even after the fulfillment of the sentence. The perfect example of this theory is social protest over the rise of gasoline in Mexico which had grabbed the attention of the media; Some critics of the system accuse the State of intervening to legitimize institutional violence, the violation of citizens' rights and the controversial decisions of the federal government (Conklin, 2013). The chaos broke out in several cities of the country and the coverage of the national press focused on the actions of social protest around the increase of gasoline. The demonstrations were exacerbated to such a degree that they resulted in looting of shops and supermarkets, as well as vandalism. There are those who attribute this scenario to an orchestration from the same State to legitimize institutional violence, the violation of citizens' rights and the controversial decisions of the federal government; Accuse the existence of infiltrators and clashes, this is a perfect example of of Moral Panic Theory. But, what is it about? Now, an approximation (DeKeseredy, Dragiewicz, 2012). The Moral Panic Theory was formulated by the criminologist who died in 2013, Stanley Cohen. This scholar was a pioneer in focusing his critical analysis on old problems that were invisibilize or despised from traditional studies, which focused on the criminal system. Law Lecturer at the University of Yale, Gabriel Brooke, recounts in a writing that this allowed Cohen to find objects of study traditionally considered outside the strict criminology, such as drug users, the media, fears, Fashions and youth bands. In 1972, the British theorist published his book Folk Devils and Moral Panics: the Making of the Mods and Rockers, where for the first time he tackled the issue of moral panic and how factual powers operate to generate it (Doherty, 2005). This theory consists of: The action (structural reforms) The State generates panic (looters and violence) Some ask for the presence of the State through its forces to restore order. The State enters with its forces (including the army) Result: a) The state is enlarged as a "savior" entity to restore order and creates an apparent peace and tranquility thus diverting attention from the origin of the problem (reforms). b) It justifies the militarization of the country under the pretext of maintaining social peace. c) It ends with protests and demonstrations. No matter the entity of that group of people who have been defined as a threat to the values and interests of society. Its nature is presented in a stylized and stereotyped by the media. They are the "popular demons," especially created by the media themselves that "create alarm" through media coverage (DeKeseredy, Dragiewicz, 2012). Citing Cohen, the expert comments that moral panic differs from mass hysteria because it is framed in terms of morality and is usually expressed more as an attack than a fear. In addition, the moral part is condemnation and social disapproval, and panic is the element of hysteria and exaggeration. The role of the media Likewise, the theory speaks of another fundamental element in the dissemination of moral panic, the media. "The general rule is: no press, no moral panic. The media are platforms of moral panics, which either initiate them themselves or carry the message of other groups "; Hence the importance of verification of information in this age of citizen journalism (Renzetti, 2013). Jock Young, from the University of Kent (New York), explains in "Moral Panic. Its origins in resistance, resentment and translation of fantasy in reality ":" The mass media hold a narrative that stimulates as much as condemnation, which amplifies the problem as much as it provides explanations and generates consequences . This media amplification serves to create a spiral of public fear and indignation, putting pressure on control agencies like the police and magistrates, and creating criminal waves of fantasy but of real consequences; That is, violence and criminal acts are perceived to be greater than those that actually exist. The media coverage and, in turn, the disinformation contribute to "inflate" the problem so that after the "crisis", measures are implemented that compromise in o Conflict Theory Durkheim and Merton: main proponents of functionalist structural theories. Durkheim For Durkheim it is totally normal that there are crimes in the societies, and also the crime has a functional character and that is what society advances with the years. A healthy society is one that has a minimum number of crimes, a society that has no crime is considered to be ill. Merton On the other hand Merton departed from the theories of Durkheim adapting them to the American society. The main goal of society will be material well-being and access to a certain number of social groups. Theories of conflict in criminology On the other hand it is necessary to analyze and study conflict theories, these theories disagree with functionalist structural theories and make a series of criticisms to the same ones saying that they are theories that are unrelated to the reality, it is not normal that they think that the crime Is something normal in society and it is necessary to exist in it (Parmelee, 2011). For conflict theory, the existence of a law that represents the values of different social classes is necessary. The existence of a criminal justice that will be one that puts some necessary mechanisms of social control. On the other hand the social behaviors or that are deviated are consequence of the existent inequalities in the society due to the different existing classes. Theories of conflict are of different types and very diverse In the first place we find the theory of cultural conflict: The main author of this theory is Taft. For this theory there are a number of contradictions in society, there is a double standard, so the existence of criminality is normal. Secondly the theory of social conflict: In societies there are different social groups which have different values, this has caused over the years different historical conflicts. As a result of these facts originates criminality. Third, we find Marxist theories: For these theories crime is produced by the existence of capitalist societies. The existence of a criminal law will serve simply to help the upper classes and oppress the workers.Theories of faulty social structure consider that the primary or primary cause of crime is the instability of social structures and institutions, with crime being a consequence of social organization. Anomia, sociological concept formulated by the French social theorist mile Durkheim, is the absence of norms in the individual. In his work The division of social work (1893), Durkheim postulated that anomia or anomie is the evil that a society suffers because of the absence of moral and legal rules, absence that is due to the economic imbalance or the weakening of its institutions , And which implies a low degree of integration. In Suicide: A Sociological Study (1897), he analyzed the relationship of the individual to the norms and values of the society in which he lives, and his acceptance and internalization. For Durkheim, the anomie is greater when the bonds that unite the individuals with the social groups or collectivities are not strong nor constant. Durkheim's work influenced American sociology, especially Robert K. Merton, who identified the anomie with the deviation, the individual's conflict with the contradiction that arises between the goals or goals that have been proposed and the existing means, in Function of the place that occupies in the social stratification. Merton defines 5 modes of adaptation: conformity (acceptance of ends and means), innovation (rejection of the means), ritualism (rejection of goals), rebellion (rejection of both but with an alternative proposal) and withdrawal Without alternative proposal). This confrontation between cultural goals and the possibility of using institutional means or legitimate ways is the one that produces the tendency towards the anomie and the divergent behavior (Lanier, Henry, 2004). The most noteworthy of Merton's theoretical analysis is the possible explanation for the correlations between variables such as crime and poverty. Poverty would entail limiting opportunities, bu t both would not be sufficient to explain crime. It is the association of poverty constraints (which hinders competition for cultural values) which, together with the cultural importance of success as the predominant goal, encourage criminal behavior. The Italian-Argentine sociologist Gino Germani studied the phenomenon of anomie, which divided into objective (psychological anomie) and subjective (structural anomie). For Germani, the main cause of this phenomenon is the rapid change of structures (of generation, ecological, cultural, social), the lack of norms or the conflict with those in force (Lanier, Henry, 2004). Anomia in a society or social group can lead to pathological reactions in individuals, such as suicide, crime, delinquency or prostitution. The theory of inequality of opportunity involves a combination of anomie, that of differential association and that of subcultures. Cloward and Ohlin admit the existence of deep inequalities between the different social classes when it comes to legitimately accessing culturally and socially accepted goals. Members of the most depressed groups would use illegitimate means to achieve their goals (Newburn, 2012). But the innovation of these authors is to consider that young people do not access illegitimate means in the same way. The acquisition of a conformist role or role will be determined by a variety of factors, such as economic position, age, sex, race, personality, etc. Only in those neighborhoods where crime appears in a stable and institutionalized way will there be a fertile field of learning for the young (Marxist criminology, 2011). Three types of delinquent subcultures are distinguished according to the different types of neighborhoods of the lower class: Criminal subculture: in stable low class neighborhoods, where antisocial behavior is accepted as normal. Subculture of conflict: in less stable neighborhoods. The use of violence is promoted to access a privileged status. Subculture of withdrawal or abandonment: there are individuals who fail in the two types of opportunities (legitimate or illegitimate). They will choose alternative life forms to their community around drugs, alcohol or other forms of evasion. Sociological theories of the criminal phenomenon Mans behavior have always been the object of study and criticism. Criminality, because it is a complex social phenomenon, has generated a wide diversity of theories that try to explain the human behavior and that at the same time give us different perspectives of the criminal reality. The modern Criminal Sociology is not limited to emphasize the importance of the medium in the genesis of criminality but contemplates the criminal fact as a social phenomenon and pretends to explain the same according to a certain theoretical framework. In this chapter will be exposed the various theoretical currents that from Sociology changed the analytical panorama of criminality. The victimological problem has been discussed from different approaches, social and legal. Discussions have been made from an economic approach, reparations to victims, but this is a partial aspect of that complex relationship, more important than talking about an economic aspect, would be to analyze that link between the protagonists of the crime. The personality of the offender has always been the subject of investigation. The factors of personality are the fundamental factors in the genesis of crime, it makes psychology have an important function (Renzetti, 2013). Criminology recognizes the offender and tells how to fight him. All studies have focused on the figure of the delinquent, has always sought to seek the justification of crime in pathological characters, has sought something that distinguishes the criminal from the non-criminal.In 1961 a chromosomal malformation (XYY chromosome) is discovered to have found the cause of criminality, while taking into account the psychopathological structures of criminality. The delinquent has been much talked about, has tried to portray the delinquent physically, also its psychic characteristics, thus it will be affirmed that it has a degree of neuroticism, predisposition to risk, spontaneous aggressiveness, impulsive, etc ... Conclusion crime is not patrimony of a social class. The man participates in more criminal activities than the woman, the growth rates of female crime are increasing. The adults commit crimes more serious than the young. Juvenile criminality is more widespread than official statistics affirm. Young people are today victims of crime in proportion greater than the elderly (Stroebe, Kruglanski, Bar-Tal, Hewstone, 2012). It shows a failure of the criminal control of the crime, this is due to a plurality of factors, Can not be individualized in concrete instances of control, is a generalized failure. It is observed that there is a black figure of greater proportion in light offenses S in front of the bass. References ADLER, F. (2016).CRIMINOLOGY. [Place of publication not identified]: MCGRAW-HILL EDUCATION. Beirne, P. (2007).Criminology. New York: Oxford University Press. Belloc, H. (1923).On. London: Methuen. Conklin, J. (2013).Criminology. Boston: Pearson. DeKeseredy, W., Dragiewicz, M. (2012).Routledge handbook of critical criminology. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Doherty, M. (2005).Criminology. London: Old Bailey. Eagly, A., Baron, R., Hamilton, V. (2010).Social psychology of group identity and social conflict. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Hagan, F.Introduction to criminology. Lanier, M., Henry, S. (2004).Essential criminology. Boulder Colo.: Westview. Marxist criminology. (2011). [Place of publication not identified]. Newburn, T. (2012).Key readings in criminology. London: Routledge. Parmelee, M. (2011).Criminology. New York, NY: Barnes Noble Digital Library. Renzetti, C. (2013).Key Ideas in Criminology : Feminist Criminology. Taylor and Francis. Stroebe, W., Kruglanski, A., Bar-Tal, D., Hewstone, M. (2012).The social psychology of intergroup conflict. Berlin [u.a.]: Springer.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)